Useful Conversion Factors
1 Therm = 100,000
Btu
1 Btu = 1055.6 Joules (J)
1 MJ = 106 J
1 GJ = 109 J
1 TJ = 1012 J
1 PJ = 1015 J
29.0 PJ = 1 million tonnes of coal equivalent
41.868 PJ = 1 million tonnes of oil equivalent
3.60 MJ = 1 kilowatt-hour (kWh)
1 barrel condensate = 0.935 barrels of oil equivalent
1 PJ of Natural Gas = 172,000 barrels of oil equivalent
1 tonne LPG = 8.46 barrels of oil equivalent
1 cubic meter (m3) = 35.315 cubic feet
1 tonne = 1000 Kg
1 kilolitre = 6.2898 barrels
Emission indices (Kg CO2/GJ)
LPG
Natural Gas
Crude Oil
Coal (electricity) |
60
58
76
290 |
Fuel Energy Density
NB: Actual calorific values vary depending on fuel composition.
| Solid Fuel |
|
|
GJ/tonne |
|
|
|
Black Coal |
Export coking coal |
29.0 |
|
|
|
|
Export steaming coal |
27.0 |
|
|
|
|
Local coal (electricity) |
24.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Brown Coal |
|
9.5 |
|
|
|
Coke |
|
27.0 |
|
|
|
Wood |
Dry |
16.2 |
|
|
|
Bagasse |
|
9.6 |
|
|
|
Plant Biomass |
Cotton trash |
18.0 |
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
| Gaseous Fuel |
|
|
MJ/m3 |
|
|
|
Natural Gas |
|
39.0 |
|
|
|
Ethane |
|
66.0 |
|
|
|
LPG |
Propane |
93.3 |
|
|
|
LPG |
butane |
124.0 |
|
|
|
Town Gas |
reformed gas |
20.0 |
|
|
|
Gas |
coke oven |
18.1 |
|
|
|
Gas |
blast furnace |
4.0 |
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
| Liquid Fuel |
|
|
MJ/litre |
Litre/Tonne |
GJ/tonne |
|
LPG |
propane |
25.3 |
1960 |
49.6 |
|
LPG |
butane |
27.7 |
1750 |
49.1 |
|
LPG |
mixture |
25.7 |
1928 |
49.6 |
|
Gasoline |
aviation |
33.0 |
1412 |
49.6 |
|
Gasoline |
automotive |
34.2 |
1360 |
46.4 |
|
Kerosene |
power |
37.5 |
1230 |
46.1 |
|
Kerosene |
turbine fuel |
36.8 |
1261 |
46.4 |
|
Kerosene |
lighting |
36.6 |
1270 |
46.5 |
|
Heating Oil |
|
37.3 |
1238 |
46.2 |
|
Diesel Oil |
automotive |
38.6 |
1182 |
45.6 |
|
Diesel Oil |
industrial |
39.6 |
1135 |
44.9 |
|
Fuel Oil |
low sulphur |
39.7 |
1110 |
44.1 |
|
Fuel Oil |
high sulphur |
40.8 |
1050 |
42.9 |
|
Refinery Fuel |
|
40.9 |
1050 |
42.9 |
|
Naphtha |
|
31.4 |
1534 |
481 |
|
Lubricants |
|
38.8 |
1120 |
43.4 |
|
Bitumen |
|
44.0 |
981 |
42.7 |
|
Solvents |
|
34.4 |
1229 |
44.0 |
|
Waxes |
|
38.8 |
1180 |
45.8 |
|
Crude Oil |
|
38.7 |
1160 |
44.9 |
|
Ethanol |
|
23.4 |
1266 |
29.6 |
|
LNG |
-160C & 300kPa |
25.0 |
2174 |
54.4 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
| Uranium |
|
|
GJ/tonne |
|
|
|
Uranium |
metal (U) |
560,000 |
|
|
|
Uranium |
oxide (U3O8) |
470,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
